Psikoloji Bölümü Yayın Koleksiyonu
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12416/417
Browse
4 results
Search Results
Article Kronik hastalıklarda duygu düzenleme: Kalp ve damar sistemi hastalıkları, kanser, migren, fibromiyalji ve sedef hastalığı üzerine bir derleme(Association for Clinical Psychology Research, 2023) Tuna, EzgiDuygu düzenleme; duyguların oluşumunu, çeşidini, yoğunluğunu, zaman akışındaki yerini ve ifadesini belirlediğimiz bilinçli ve bilinçdışı süreçleri içermektedir. Yapılan çalışmalar, duygu düzenlemenin ruh sağlığı üzerindeki kritik etkisinin yanı sıra, fiziksel sağlık üzerinde de önemli etkilerinin olduğuna işaret etmektedir. Özellikle kronik hastalığı olan bireylerde duyguların nasıl düzenlendiği öz-bakım, tedaviye uyum ve stres kaynaklarıyla baş etme gibi pek çok süreci etkileyerek hem fiziksel hem de psikolojik iyilik hali için belirleyici olmaktadır. Bunun yanında duygu düzenlemeyle ilgili sorunların bazı kronik hastalıkların etiyolojisinde ve seyrinde rol oynadığına dair kanıtlar mevcuttur. Bu derleme makalesinin amacı, kronik hastalıklarda duygu ve duygu düzenlemeye dair bilimsel çalışma bulgularını özetlemek ve mevcut çalışmalardaki eksiklere değinerek gelecek çalışmalar için öneriler sunmaktır. Bu amaçla, duygular ve sağlık ilişkisine dair mekanizmaların kısaca özetlenmesinin ardından; sırasıyla, kalp ve damar sistemi (KDS) hastalıkları, kanser, migren, fibromiyalji ve sedef hastalığında duygu düzenlemeyle ilgili bulgulara değinilmiştir. Özetle, KDS hastalıklarının etiyolojisinde duygu ve duygu düzenlemenin rolüne dair kanıtların güçlü olduğu görülmekteyken, kanser için etiyolojiye dair bulguların çelişkili olduğu söylenebilir. Migren, sedef hastalığı ve fibromiyalji için ise çalışma bulguları ilişkisel niteliktedir. Genel olarak çalışmalar kronik hastalığı olanlarda olmayanlara göre duygu düzenleme sürecinde aksaklıklar olduğunu göstermektedir. Hastalar arasında işlevsel duygu düzenleme stratejilerinin daha az kullanımı; psikopatoloji belirtileri, bedensel belirtiler ve düşük yaşam kalitesi gibi olumsuz sonuçlarla ilişkilendirilmiştir. Duygu düzenleme süreçlerinin kronik hastalıklardaki rolünün anlaşılması, önleyici çalışmaların planlanması ve kronik hastalığı olan bireylerin yaşam kalitesini arttıracak müdahalelerin geliştirilmesinde rehberlik etmesi açısından önemlidir. Makale, alanyazının genel bir değerlendirmesi ve öneriler ile sona ermektedir.Article Remembered or Forgotten Stimuli: a Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study on the Effects of Emotion(Kare Publ, 2020) Kilic, Betul; Ozcelik, ErolObjective: The first aim of this study is to examine why emotional events enhance memory for preceding stimuli. The second goal is to identify brain regions associated with remembering and forgetting by finding brain activation differences during encoding of remembered and forgotten stimuli. The third goal is to examine which brain areas are activated when studying emotional pictures compared to neutral ones. Method: In each trial, a picture of an object followed by an emotional or neutral picture from the Turkish culture were presented to 15 volunteers. The effect of the succeeding pictures on the remembering of preceding stimuli was examined. The participants studied the stimuli in the magnetic resonance scanner and, meanwhile, brain images were taken. The memory performances of the participants were measured with the recognition test administered one week later. Results: Behavioral results suggest that emotion has no effect on memory for preceding stimuli. Functional magnetic resonance imaging results indicate that remembered stimuli compared to forgotten ones caused more activation in left inferior frontal gyrus and left superior medial gyrus. Emotional pictures create more activation in the - mid-temporal gyrus and supramarginal gyrus compared to neutral images. Conclusion: Brain structures in which activations are observed in remembered stimuli compared to forgotten ones (left inferior frontal gyrus and left superior medial gyrus) are responsible for the semantic elaboration and associative memory formation. Thus, it can be concluded that object pictures are remembered because they are processed more deeply. Besides, activations are observed in the areas known to be related to the processing of emotional face expressions when emotional and neutral pictures are compared.Article Losing the Life: a Review on Autobiographical Memory in Alzheimer's Disease(Istanbul Univ, Fac Letters, dept Psychology, 2021) Aydin, Oyku; Cengil, Betul Beyza; Kaynak, HandeAlzheimer's disease (AD), the most common type of dementia among older adults, is a progressive and neurodegenerative brain disease. AD is characterized by progressive memory impairments, but not other types of dementia. Autobiographical memory (AM) is defined as episodes recollected from individuals' life, and it is one of the memory systems impaired in AD. One consequence of AM decline in AD is difficulties in the retrieval of recent AMs rather than past ones. AM contains both episodic and semantic components, and it is crucial for self-concept. The aim of the present study is to review the current understanding of AM in people with AD. In the introduction part of the review, AD and its cognitive correlates are presented in detail, with how AM performance is important for the self. In the second part of the review, AM deteriorations in patients with AD are discussed. Factors, such as emotion and olfaction, affecting AM are mentioned along with the neural substrates. In this regard, the effect of the emotional dimension (e.g., valence) on the formation and retrieval of AMs is discussed and how AM is studied with olfactory stimuli is presented, respectively. Studies on the link between AM and emotion have shown that there is a positive shift of AM in AD, indicating that patients with AD remember their AMs more positively. In addition, olfactory stimuli evoke more AMs than verbal and visual stimuli. The conclusion section of the current review is devoted to some recommendations that might guide future research. For instance, stage-by-stage investigation of AM in AD and the comparison of them in relation to relevant variables could be one way of providing detailed findings on the nature of AM in AD.Article The Effect of Listening Enjoyable Music Before Study on Learning(2020) Eser, Cansu; Akbaba, Sevcan; Ergül, Mehmet; Özçelik, ErolResearch studies have suggested that increasing dopamine in a natural way by listening to a short piece of enjoyable music has the potential to improve human performance. However, there is not enough empirical evidence on whether listening to music before studying instructional material enhances learning. Considering this need, the goal of this study is to investigate the effect of listening to enjoyable music before study on learning outcomes. A total of 80 students participated in this experimental study having a between-subjects design. Half of the participants were randomly assigned to the experimental group in which they listened to enjoyable music, whereas the other half were assigned to the control group in which they listened to no music. Afterwards, all the participants studied the instructional materials. The results demonstrate that learning gains were higher in the experimental group than in the control group. Particularly, the results of the current study suggest that when people listen to enjoyable music before they study the instructional materials, they learn better.