WoS İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12416/8653
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Article Citation - WoS: 10Citation - Scopus: 7Analysis of Laser Multimode Content on the Angle-Of Fluctuations in Free-Space Optics Access Systems(Spie-soc Photo-optical instrumentation Engineers, 2005) Eyyuboglu, HT; Baykal, YThe effects of laser beam multimode content on the angle-of-arrival fluctuations are examined for free-space optics (FSO) access systems. Multimode excitation is represented by coherent addition of Hermite-Gaussian modes. Mean square angle-of-arrival fluctuations are formulated using our previously reported multimode phase structure function. Numerical evaluations are obtained for practical FSO links operating at 1.55- and 0.85-mu m wavelengths with link spans of up to 5 km. Mode content is arranged by sequentially grouping all possible mode combinations starting from the single fundamental mode (TEM00) up to a certain higher order (n,m). Angle-of-arrival fluctuations are found to be of the order of several tens of microradians, except for the cases when the mode group terminates with an odd mode or when the extremely higher order modes are present. In these instances, the fluctuations will rise to the radian level. From these results, it is concluded that the performance of a practical FSO receiver, having a field of view of several milliradians, will not be substantially affected by the angle-of-arrival fluctuations due to multimode excitation, provided that the mode content of source excitation is confined to mode indices below 20. (c) 2005 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers.Article Citation - WoS: 13Citation - Scopus: 13Angle-Of Fluctuations for General-Type Beams(Spie-soc Photo-optical instrumentation Engineers, 2007) Eyyuboglu, Halil T.; Baykal, YahyaStarting with the recently introduced phase correlation function of a general-type beam, the angle-of-arrival fluctuations are derived and evaluated in atmospheric turbulence for lowest-order Gaussian, cos-Gaussian, cosh-Gaussian, annular, and flat-topped beams. Our motivation is to examine the improvement in the performance of optical atmospheric links when such beams are employed. For these beams, the dependence of the angle-of-arrival fluctuations on the propagation length, displacement and focusing parameters, source size, inner and outer scales of turbulence, and receiver radius is investigated. It is found that in the majority of the cases examined, the angle- of- arrival fluctuations remain small and hence are not expected to adversely affect the operation of free-space atmospheric links. It is observed that amongst the beams considered, the cos-Gaussian beam offers the least amount of angle-of-arrival fluctuations, while the worst behavior is exhibited by the cosh-Gaussian beam. This situation is reversed, however, if focused beams are used. (C) 2007 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers.Article Citation - WoS: 1Unbalanced Multiple Description Wavelet Coding for Scalable Video Transmission(Spie-soc Photo-optical instrumentation Engineers, 2012) Choupani, Roya; Wong, Stephan; Tolun, MehmetScalable video coding and multiple description coding are the two different adaptation schemes for video transmission over heterogeneous and best-effort networks such as the Internet. We propose a new method to encode video for unreliable networks with rate adaptation capability. Our proposed method groups three dimensional discrete wavelet transform coefficients in different descriptions and applies a modified embedded zero tree data for rate adaptation. The proposed method optimizes the bit-rates of the descriptions with respect to the channel bit rates and the maximum acceptable distortion. The experimental results in the presence of one description loss indicate that on average the videos at the rate of 1000 Kbit/s are reconstructed with Y-component of peak signal to noise ratio (Y-PSNR) value of 36.2 dB. The dynamic allocation of descriptions to the network channels is optimized for rate distortion minimization. The improvement in term of Y-PSNR achieved by rate distortion optimization has been between 0.7 and 5.3 dB in different bit rates. (c) 2012 SPIE and IS&T. [DOI: 10.1117/1.JEI.21.4.043006]Article Citation - WoS: 13Citation - Scopus: 13Propagation Properties of Optical Bottle Beam in Turbulence(Spie-soc Photo-optical instrumentation Engineers, 2019) Eyyuboglu, Halil Tanyer; Bayraktar, MertWe study the propagation properties of optical bottle beams in turbulent atmosphere. By allowing the mathematical expression of source plane to cover both the symmetric and asymmetric forms, the beam is propagated through turbulence using random phase screens. On the source plane, the intensity profile of the bottle beam resembles a dark hollow beam with an outside ring for symmetric cases, whereas it becomes divided into two or more separate lobes for the asymmetric cases. During propagation, both symmetric and asymmetric beams concentrate the intensity toward the center, eventually assuming a Gaussian shape, where this process seems to be more rapid for the former beam types. The rising trend of the kurtosis parameter of bottle beams changes to a falling trend when the refractive index structure constant is reduced from 10(-14) to 10(-13) m(-2/3). (C) 2019 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)Article Citation - WoS: 12Citation - Scopus: 15M-Ary Phase Shift Keying-Subcarrier Intensity Modulation Performance in Strong Oceanic Turbulence(Spie-soc Photo-optical instrumentation Engineers, 2019) Baykal, Yahya; Ata, Yalcin; Gokce, Muhsin CanerIn strong oceanic turbulence, we investigate the bit error rate (BER) performance of underwater wireless optical communication links by employing phase shift keying subcarrier intensity modulated Gaussian laser beam at the transmitter and positive-intrinsic-negative photodetector having finite sized aperture at the receiver. Using the extended Huygens-Fresnel principle, which is conventionally used to analyze the optical beam propagation through turbulence, we evaluate the optical intensity and corresponding signal power over the receiver aperture. Gamma-gamma statistical model for the received intensity is adopted due to strong oceanic turbulence and the required aperture averaged scintillation for this model is obtained by the use of asymptotic Rytov theory. In our performance investigation, we consider the effects of various oceanic turbulences, modulation, receiver noise type, and the photodetector parameters on the BER performance. (C) 2019 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE).Article Citation - WoS: 27Citation - Scopus: 28Analysis of Flat-Topped Gaussian Vortex Beam Scintillation Properties in Atmospheric Turbulence(Spie-soc Photo-optical instrumentation Engineers, 2019) Elmabruk, Kholoud; Eyyuboglu, Halil T.We analyze the scintillation properties of a flat-topped Gaussian vortex beam propagating in a weakly turbulent atmosphere. We utilize a random phase screen model to perform this analysis. We evaluate the scintillation against the changes of topological charge, beam order, operating wavelength, receiver aperture side length, and source size parameters. The results show that using a flat-topped Gaussian vortex beam with a high topological charge causes a reduction in scintillation. Increasing the receiver aperture side length reduces scintillation level. As the source size increases, scintillation decreases. Our results also indicate that a flat-topped Gaussian vortex beam with high topological charges has less scintillation than the fundamental Gaussian beam. We believe that our findings will be useful in improving the performance of next-generation optical communication links and networks. (C) 2019 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)Article Citation - WoS: 9Citation - Scopus: 8Flat-Topped Beam Transmittance in Anisotropic Non-Kolmogorov Turbulent Marine Atmosphere(Spie-soc Photo-optical instrumentation Engineers, 2017) Ata, Yalcin; Baykal, YahyaTurbulence affects optical propagation, and, as a result, the intensity is attenuated along the path of propagation. The attenuation becomes significant when the turbulence becomes stronger. Transmittance is a measure indicating how much power is collected at the receiver after the optical wave propagates in the turbulent medium. The on-axis transmittance is formulated when a flat-topped optical beam propagates in a marine atmosphere experiencing anisotropic non-Kolmogorov turbulence. Variations in the transmittance are evaluated versus the beam source size, beam number, link distance, power law exponent, anisotropy factor, and structure constant. It is found that larger beam source sizes and beam numbers yield higher transmittance values; however, as the link distance, power law exponent, anisotropy factor, or structure constant increase, transmittance values are lowered. Our results will help in the performance evaluations of optical wireless communication and optical imaging systems operating in a marine atmosphere. (C) 2017 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)Article Citation - WoS: 2Citation - Scopus: 2Bit-Error Performance of Optical Wireless System Using Higher Order Mode Laser in Anisotropic Non-Kolmogorov Turbulence(Spie-soc Photo-optical instrumentation Engineers, 2018) Ata, Yalcin; Baykal, YahyaThe average bit-error-rate, (BER), of optical wireless system using higher order mode laser beam is investigated when atmospheric turbulence shows anisotropic and non-Kolmogorov characteristics. Results reveal that increase in anisotropy in both x- and y-directions positively affects the optical wireless systems performance. Increase in the beam order results in an increase in (BER) for any anisotropy level, and thus, higher order beams adversely affect the optical wireless systems performance. Larger structure constant, beam source size, and propagation distance result in larger (BER), but larger wavelength, inner scale length, and signal-tonoise ratio tend to reduce (BER). Increase in the power-law exponent of non-Kolmogorov turbulent spectrum first increases the (BER) until a certain value, and then (BER) starts to decrease when the power-law exponent is further increased. Adverse effect of higher order laser beam holds to be valid for any power-law exponent of non-Kolimogorov turbulence. (C) 2018 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)Article Citation - WoS: 9Citation - Scopus: 10Aperture Averaging in Multiple-Input Single-Output Free-Space Optical Systems(Spie-soc Photo-optical instrumentation Engineers, 2015) Baykal, Yahya; Kamacioglu, Canan; Uysal, Murat; Gokce, Muhsin C.; Kamacoʇlu, CananMultiple-input single-output systems are employed in free-space optical links to mitigate the degrading effects of atmospheric turbulence. We formulate the power scintillation as a function of transmitter and receiver coordinates in the presence of weak atmospheric turbulence by using the extended Huygens Fresnel principle. Then the effect of the receiver aperture averaging is quantified. To get consistent results, parameters are chosen within the range of validity of the wave structure functions. Radial array beams and a Gaussian weighting aperture function are used at the transmitter and the receiver, respectively. It is observed that the power scintillation decreases when the source size, the ring radius, the receiver aperture radius, and the number of array beamlet increase. However, increasing the number of array beamlets to more than three seems to have negligible effect on the power scintillation. It is further observed that the aperture averaging effect is stronger when radial array beams are employed instead of a single Gaussian beam. (C) 2015 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)Article Citation - WoS: 10Citation - Scopus: 10Cross-Beam Scintillations in Underwater Medium(Spie-soc Photo-optical instrumentation Engineers, 2016) Baykal, YahyaThe fluctuation in the intensity, which is quantified by the scintillation index, is evaluated for cross beams when such beams propagate in an underwater medium experiencing turbulence. The variations in the scintillation index are investigated against the changes in the size of the cross beams, the ratio of temperature to salinity contributions to the refractive index spectrum, the rate of dissipation of mean-squared temperature, and the rate of dissipation of kinetic energy per unit mass of fluid. (C) 2016 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)