Elektrik Elektronik Mühendisliği Bölümü Yayın Koleksiyonu

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12416/411

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Beam wander of J (0)- and I (0)-Bessel Gaussian beams propagating in turbulent atmosphere
(2010) Çil, Celal Zaim; Eyyüboğlu, Halil Tanyer; Baykal, Yahya Kemal; Korotkova, O.; Cai, Y.
Root mean square (rms) beam wander of J (0)-Bessel Gaussian and I (0)-Bessel Gaussian beams, normalized by the rms beam wander of the fundamental Gaussian beam, is evaluated in atmospheric turbulence. Our formulation is based on the first and the second statistical moments obtained from the Rytov series. It is found that after propagating in atmospheric turbulence, the collimated J (0)-Bessel Gaussian and the I (0)-Bessel Gaussian beams have smaller rms beam wander than that of the Gaussian beam, regardless of the choice of Bessel width parameter. However, the extent of such an advantage depends on the chosen width parameter, Gaussian source size, propagation distance and the wavelength. Focusing at finite distances of the considered beams causes the rms beam wander to decrease sharply at the propagation distances equal to the focusing parameter.
Citation - Scopus: 1
Intensity Fluctuations of Incoherently Superposed Gaussian Beams in Atmospheric Turbulence
(Spie-int Soc Optical Engineering, 2010) Baykal, Yahya
Intensity fluctuations of incoherently superposed Gaussian beams are formulated in weak turbulence by employing the extended Huygens-Fresnel principle. Each individual beam superposed is taken to be fully incoherent. The scintillation index evaluated for different number of beams indicates that as the number of beams increase, scintillations decrease. Incoherent superposition of smaller sized Gaussian sources exhibits smaller fluctuations. Comparing the scintillation index arising from incoherently superposed Gaussian beams to the scintillation index of coherently superposed Gaussian beams of the same structure shows that incoherent superposition yields lower intensity fluctuations, thus can be advantageous in atmospheric optical communication links.
Beam wander of J 0- and i 0-Bessel Gaussian beams propagating in turbulent atmosphere
(2010) Çil, C.Z.; Eyyuboğlu, H.T.; Baykal, Y.; Korotkova, O.; Cai, Y.
Root mean square (rms) beam wander of J 0-Bessel Gaussian and I 0-Bessel Gaussian beams, normalized by the rms beam wander of the fundamental Gaussian beam, is evaluated in atmospheric turbulence. Our formulation is based on the first and the second statistical moments obtained from the Rytov series. It is found that after propagating in atmospheric turbulence, the collimated J 0-Bessel Gaussian and the I 0-Bessel Gaussian beams have smaller rms beam wander than that of the Gaussian beam, regardless of the choice of Bessel width parameter. However, the extent of such an advantage depends on the chosen width parameter, Gaussian source size, propagation distance and the wavelength. Focusing at finite distances of the considered beams causes the rms beam wander to decrease sharply at the propagation distances equal to the focusing parameter.
Effects of Type of Incidence on the Second and Fourth Order Moment Parameters Evaluated in Turbulent Atmosphere
(2010) Baykal, Y.; Baykal, Yahya Kemal; Elektrik-Elektronik Mühendisliği
Using a general type incidence, the second and fourth order moments are formulated in atmospheric turbulence. Received field and intensity correlations are evaluated and the behaviour of these correlations are compared for different beam types. © 2010 OSA/FiO/LS.
Fair Spectrum Sharing in Wireless Networks
(2011) Şafak, A.; Preveze, B.
Efficient utilization of available resources and the avoidance of overload conditions have high importance for any communication network. For a CSMA based VANET the wireless bandwidth must be shared fairly among all nodes. In VANET the network and available bandwidth are in dynamical structures. Thus, if the congestion control is not provided for the VANET based broadcast communication; the lower priority applications may use the entire spectrum and may cause starvation of some important applications. In this work it is shown that our proposed MCAF (Most Congested Access First) throughput improvement method also provides fair data rate per node in vehicular communication. The data rate per node with fair spectrum allocation is determined using the MCAF simulation and calculation results. Finally, the evaluated results are confirmed by comparing them with the results of other works evaluated in the literature. © 2011 IEEE.
Citation - WoS: 2
Citation - Scopus: 3
Method of Evaluation of the Mutual Coherence Function of Laser Beams and Its Application for Symmetric Dark Hollow Beams
(Spie-int Soc Optical Engineering, 2011) Banakh, V. A.; Marakasov, D. A.; Rytchkov, D. S.; Baykal, Y. K.; Eyyuboglu, T.
In our report, a method of evaluation of the mutual coherence function (MCF) of optical wave propagating in turbulent atmosphere is proposed. The method is based on using inverse Fresnel transform and 2-D Fast Fourier Transformation procedure (FFT) and provides a high accuracy in various propagation conditions from weak up to strong optical turbulence regime. This technique allows significantly reducing the evaluation time of MCF. The proposed method is suitable for optical waves with arbitrary initial distribution of amplitude and phase. Results of investigations on the degradation of coherence of symmetric dark hollow beams (DHB) propagating in turbulent atmosphere are presented. Analysis of evolution of MCF is brought up, and some characteristics of DHB, such as mean intensity distribution, and moments of Wigner distribution are calculated for various kinds of profiles of structural characteristic of refractive index. All of the evaluations for DHB are fulfilled for Kolmogorov spectrum of correlation function of refractive index fluctuations. The comparison between mean intensity calculations within the proposed method and method based on semi-analytical approach using of quadratic approximation of spherical wave structure function, is presented.
Yeni Rotalama Algoritmalarının 802.16j AĞI Etkin Çıktı Oranı Artırımına Düşük Araç Hızları Altındaki Etkileri
(2011) Preveze, Barbaros
Çoklu ortam verileri içeren kablosuz gezgin ağlarda, yeni bilişsel yöntemler ve rotalama algoritmaları kullanılarak, sistemdeki rota ömrü, bağlantı kesinti miktarı, ortalama sekme sayısı ve paket kaybı gibi performans parametrelerinin iyileştirilmesiyle, IEEE 802.16j ağ yapısının etkin çıktı oranının arttırılması sağlanmıştır. Bu amaçla, mevcut IEEE 802.16j ağında kullanılmakta olan OFDMA ve TDMA erişim tekniklerine ek olarak kullanılmak üzere önerilen, En Çok Sıkışan İlk Erişir (MCAF), Spektrumsal Yardımlaşma (SA) ve Arabellek Yönetimi (BM) metotları ile 802.16j ağında etkin çıktı oranı artırımı için elde edilen simülasyon sonuçları, elde edilen teorik sonuçlarla ve literatürde elde edilmiş olan diğer çalışmaların sonuçlarıyla kıyaslanarak doğrulanmıştır. Bu çalışmada ayrıca, önerilen AEABR (Erişebilirlik Tabanlı Rotalama Alternatif Geliştirimi) ve ATAABR (Erişilebilirlik Tik Ortalamalı Erişebilirlik Tabanlı Rotalama) isimli yeni uzun ömürlü rotalama algoritmalarının, geliştirilen etkin çıktı oranı yükseltimi metotlarıyla birlikte uygulanmasıyla, diğer rotalama algoritmalarına göre, daha da yüksek etkin çıktı oranları elde ettikleri gösterilmiştir. Önerilen yeni metotlar, dağınık ağ yapılarının, gezgin düğümler tarafından, anlık plansız sinyalleşme ile yönetimine dayanarak çalışmaktadır.
Citation - Scopus: 6
Wavelet Based Flame Detection Using Differential Pir Sensors
(2012) Töreyin, B.U.; Soyer, E.B.; Inaç, I.; Günay, O.; Köse, K.; Çetin, A.E.; Erden, F.
In this paper, a flame detection system using a differential Pyro-electric Infrared (PIR) sensor is proposed. A differential PIR sensor is only sensitive to sudden temperature variations within its viewing range and it produces a time-varying signal. The wavelet transform of the differential PIR sensor signal is used for feature extraction and feature vectors are fed to Markov models trained with uncontrolled fire flames and walking person. The model yielding the highest probability is chosen. Results suggest that the system can be used in spacious rooms for uncontrolled fire flame detection. © 2012 IEEE.
IEEE
(2013 Ieee 52Nd Annual Conference On Decision and Control (Cdc), 2013) Schmidt, Klaus Werner
Reconfigurable manufacturing systems (RMSs) are designed to quickly adapt to new products and production requirements. To this end, RMSs need to be able to perform fast changes between different configurations. This paper investigates the reconfiguration of RMSs in a supervisory control framework. Different from previous work, we formulate and solve a reconfiguration problem that allows to start a newly requested configuration before the previously active configuration has been completed. Our solution is optimal in the sense that there is no other solution that enables an earlier start of the new configuration. The practicability of the proposed solution is demonstrated by a small RMS example.
Citation - WoS: 6
Citation - Scopus: 8
Performance Analysis of Mimo Fso Systems With Radial Array Beams and Finite Sized Detectors
(Spie-int Soc Optical Engineering, 2014) Kamacioglu, Canan; Uysal, Murat; Baykal, Yahya; Gokce, Muhsin C.
Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems are employed in free space optical (FSO) links to mitigate the degrading effects of atmospheric turbulence. In this paper, we consider a MIMO FSO system with practical transmitter and receiver configurations that consists of a radial laser array with Gaussian beams and finite sized detectors. We formulate the average received intensity and the power scinitillation as a function of the receiver coordinates in the presence of weak atmospheric turbulence by using the extended Huygens-Fresnel principle. Then, integrations over the finite sized multiple detectors are performed and the effect of the receiver aperture averaging is quantified. We further derive an outage probability expression of this MIMO system in the presence of turbulence-induced fading channels. Using the derived expressions, we demonstrate the effect of several practical system parameters such as the ring radius, the number of array beamlets, the source size, the link length, structure constant and the receiver aperture radius on the system performance.
Citation - WoS: 112
Citation - Scopus: 126
Wave Structure Function and Spatial Coherence Radius of Plane and Spherical Waves Propagating Through Oceanic Turbulence
(Optical Soc Amer, 2014) Lu, Lu; Ji, Xiaoling; Baykal, Yahya
The analytical formulae for the wave structure functions (WSF) and the spatial coherence radius of plane and spherical waves propagating through oceanic turbulence are derived. It is found that the Kolmogorov five-thirds power law of WSF is also valid for oceanic turbulence in the inertial range. The changes of the WSF and the spatial coherence radius versus different parameters of oceanic turbulence are examined. (C) 2014 Optical Society of America.
Citation - WoS: 8
Citation - Scopus: 10
Sparse Coding of Hyperspectral Imagery Using Online Learning
(Springer London Ltd, 2015) Toreyin, Behcet Ugur; Ulku, Irem
Sparse coding ensures to express the data in terms of a few nonzero dictionary elements. Since the data size is large for hyperspectral imagery, it is reasonable to use sparse coding for compression of hyperspectral images. In this paper, a hyperspectral image compression method is proposed using a discriminative online learning-based sparse coding algorithm. Compression and anomaly detection tests are performed on hyperspectral images from the AVIRIS dataset. Comparative rate-distortion analyses indicate that the proposed method is superior to the state-of-the-art hyperspectral compression techniques.
Citation - WoS: 17
Citation - Scopus: 15
Transmittance of Multi Gaussian Optical Beams for Uplink Applications in Atmospheric Turbulence
(Ieee-inst Electrical Electronics Engineers inc, 2015) Ata, Yalcin; Baykal, Yahya
On-axis slant path uplink transmittance (used in short as transmittance throughout the text) for multi Gaussian optical beam in Kolmogorov atmospheric turbulent medium is investigated. It is observed that for both the flat-topped and the annular beams, as the propagation distance, wind speed and the zenith angle increase, the transmittance decreases. The transmittance of flat-topped beams increases when the number of beams, source size or the wavelength increases. For the annular beam, when the outer/inner beam size ratio is kept constant, larger source sizes yield larger transmittance values. Transmittance of the thicker annular beams is found to be larger than the transmittance of the thinner annular beams.
Citation - WoS: 10
Citation - Scopus: 13
Sparse Representations for Online-Learning Hyperspectral Image Compression
(Optical Soc Amer, 2015) Toreyin, Behcet Ugur; Ulku, Irem
Sparse models provide data representations in the fewest possible number of nonzero elements. This inherent characteristic enables sparse models to be utilized for data compression purposes. Hyperspectral data is large in size. In this paper, a framework for sparsity-based hyperspectral image compression methods using online learning is proposed. There are various sparse optimization models. A comparative analysis of sparse representations in terms of their hyperspectral image compression performance is presented. For this purpose, online-learning-based hyperspectral image compression methods are proposed using four different sparse representations. Results indicate that, independent of the sparsity models, online-learning-based hyperspectral data compression schemes yield the best compression performances for data rates of 0.1 and 0.3 bits per sample, compared to other state-of-the-art hyperspectral data compression techniques, in terms of image quality measured as average peak signal-to-noise ratio. (c) 2015 Optical Society of America
Citation - Scopus: 1
A Novel Cognitive Method for Throughput Improvement of Mobile Multi-Hop Ad Hoc Networks
(Springer, 2015) Preveze, Barbaros
We had previously defined a novel cognitive method for throughput improvement of IEEE 802.16j mobile multi-hop ad-hoc network which enables better management of the spectral access and buffer management of the nodes in the network. By this method we had minimized the packet loss ratio and improved the throughput of IEEE 802.16j network. In this study, a novel cognitive buffer management algorithm is proposed that arranges the packets stored in the buffers of the nodes in a probabilistic way and selects correct packet of the correct node to transmit first to provide fewer packet losses and also fewer average hop-counts for more throughputs. It is shown that the novel proposed buffer management algorithm provides about 19.45 % more throughput improvement (on average) with respect to the results evaluated by the buffer management algorithm used before (which was also shown to provide 12 % throughput improvement with respect to a First In First Out buffer management algorithm). All the results evaluated in this study are also confirmed by the results of analytical calculations, the results of the developed simulation program and the results evaluated in the literature.
Citation - WoS: 9
Citation - Scopus: 10
Aperture Averaging in Multiple-Input Single-Output Free-Space Optical Systems
(Spie-soc Photo-optical instrumentation Engineers, 2015) Baykal, Yahya; Kamacioglu, Canan; Uysal, Murat; Gokce, Muhsin C.
Multiple-input single-output systems are employed in free-space optical links to mitigate the degrading effects of atmospheric turbulence. We formulate the power scintillation as a function of transmitter and receiver coordinates in the presence of weak atmospheric turbulence by using the extended Huygens Fresnel principle. Then the effect of the receiver aperture averaging is quantified. To get consistent results, parameters are chosen within the range of validity of the wave structure functions. Radial array beams and a Gaussian weighting aperture function are used at the transmitter and the receiver, respectively. It is observed that the power scintillation decreases when the source size, the ring radius, the receiver aperture radius, and the number of array beamlet increase. However, increasing the number of array beamlets to more than three seems to have negligible effect on the power scintillation. It is further observed that the aperture averaging effect is stronger when radial array beams are employed instead of a single Gaussian beam. (C) 2015 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)
Citation - WoS: 64
Citation - Scopus: 70
Intensity Fluctuations of Multimode Laser Beams in Underwater Medium
(Optical Soc Amer, 2015) Baykal, Yahya
In an oceanic optical communications link, the received intensity fluctuations, quantified by the scintillation index, are formulated and evaluated when a multimode laser is used. The variations of the scintillation index versus the oceanic turbulence parameters are examined for different multimode laser structures. Oceanic turbulence parameters used are the rate of dissipation of kinetic energy per unit mass of fluid, the rate of dissipation of mean-squared temperature, the Kolmogorov inner scale, and the parameter w that defines the ratio of temperature to salinity contributions to the refractive index spectrum. The results in this paper can be used to improve performance in the design of oceanic optical communications links. (C) 2015 Optical Society of America
Citation - WoS: 1
Citation - Scopus: 3
Hyperspectral Image Compression Using an Online Learning Method
(Spie-int Soc Optical Engineering, 2015) Ulku, Irem; Toreyin, B. Ugur
A hyperspectral image compression method is proposed using an online dictionary learning approach. The online learning mechanism is aimed at utilizing least number of dictionary elements for each hyperspectral image under consideration. In order to meet this "sparsity constraint", basis pursuit algorithm is used. Hyperspectral imagery from AVIRIS datasets are used for testing purposes. Effects of non-zero dictionary elements on the compression performance are analyzed. Results indicate that, the proposed online dictionary learning algorithm may be utilized for higher data rates, as it performs better in terms of PSNR values, as compared with the state-of-the-art predictive lossy compression schemes.
Citation - WoS: 50
Citation - Scopus: 55
Expressing Oceanic Turbulence Parameters by Atmospheric Turbulence Structure Constant
(Optical Soc Amer, 2016) Baykal, Yahya
The parameters composing oceanic turbulence are the wavelength, link length, rate of dissipation of kinetic energy per unit mass of fluid, rate of dissipation of mean-squared temperature, Kolmogorov microscale, and the ratio of temperature to salinity contributions to the refractive index spectrum. The required physical entities such as the average intensity and the scintillation index in the oceanic medium are formulated by using the power spectrum of oceanic turbulence, which is described by oceanic turbulence parameters. On the other hand, there exists a rich archive of formulations and results for the above-mentioned physical entities in atmospheric turbulence, where the parameters describing the turbulence are the wavelength, the link length, and the structure constant. In this paper, by equating the spherical wave scintillation index solutions in the oceanic and atmospheric turbulences, we have expressed the oceanic turbulence parameters by an equivalent structure constant used in turbulent atmosphere. Such equivalent structure constant will help ease reaching solutions of similar entities in an oceanic turbulent medium by employing the corresponding existing solutions, which are valid in an atmospheric turbulent medium. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America
Citation - WoS: 21
Citation - Scopus: 27
Scintillations of Led Sources in Oceanic Turbulence
(Optical Soc Amer, 2016) Baykal, Yahya
The scintillation index of light emitting diode (LED) sources is evaluated when such sources are employed in oceanic wireless optical communication (UWOC) links. In the formulation, LED source radiation is taken to be perfectly incoherent with a Gaussian field distribution. We have utilized the scintillation index solution of an incoherent source in atmospheric turbulence, together with our recently obtained expression that expresses the structure constant of atmospheric turbulence in terms of the oceanic turbulence and UWOC link parameters. Oceanic turbulence parameters of interest are the ratio of temperature to salinity contributions to the refractive index spectrum, rate of dissipation of kinetic energy per unit mass of fluid, rate of dissipation of mean-squared temperature, and viscosity. UWOC link parameters are the LED source size, link length, and the wavelength. Scintillation index results are presented for various variations of the oceanic turbulence and UWOC link parameters. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America

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