Elektronik ve Haberleşme Mühendisliği Bölümü Yayın Koleksiyonu

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12416/260

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Citation - WoS: 22
Citation - Scopus: 23
Alternative Interpretation of the Edge-Diffraction Phenomenon
(Optical Soc Amer, 2008) Umul, Yusuf Z.
An alternative interpretation of the phenomenon of edge diffraction is proposed according to a new separation of the Fresnel function. The subfields are investigated in the problem of diffraction of a plane wave by a perfectly conducting half-plane, and the results are compared numerically with other interpretations. (c) 2008 Optical Society of America.
Citation - WoS: 11
An Analysis on Radius of Curvature Aspects of Hyperbolic and Sinusoidal Gaussian Beams
(Springer Heidelberg, 2010) Eyyuboglu, H. T.; Ji, X.
The effective radius of curvature of hyperbolic and sinusoidal Gaussian beams in free space and turbulent atmosphere is studied analytically and numerically. It is shown that the radius of curvature rises with growing source size, and changes slowly with wavelength. In general, given the same source and propagation settings, the beams can be listed in descending order of radius of curvature magnitudes as sinh Gaussian, cosh Gaussian, sine Gaussian, pure Gaussian and cos Gaussian beams. However, the radius of curvature and the difference of the radius of curvature between the different beams reduce with growing strength of turbulence because the beam's spatial phase distribution is destroyed by turbulence.
Citation - WoS: 22
Citation - Scopus: 24
Annular Beam Scintillations in Non-Kolmogorov Weak Turbulence
(Springer, 2012) Gercekcioglu, H.; Baykal, Y.
In a weakly turbulent atmosphere governed by the non-Kolmogorov spectrum, the on-axis scintillation index is formulated and evaluated when the incidence is an annular Gaussian type. When the power law of the non-Kolmogorov spectrum is varied, the scintillation index first increases, and reaches a peak value, then starts to decrease, and eventually approaches zero. The general trend is that when turbulence has a non-Kolmogorov spectrum with power law larger than the Kolmogorov power law, the scintillation index values become smaller. For all power laws, collimated annular Gaussian beams exhibit smaller scintillations when compared to pure Gaussian beams of the same size. Intensity fluctuations at a fixed propagation distance diminish for the non-Kolmogorov spectrum with a very large power law, irrespective of the focal length and the thickness of optical annular Gaussian sources.
Citation - WoS: 37
Citation - Scopus: 44
Annular Beam Scintillations in Strong Turbulence
(Optical Soc Amer, 2010) Gercekcioglu, Hamza; Baykal, Yahya; Nakiboglu, Cem
A scintillation index formulation for annular beams in strong turbulence is developed that is also valid in moderate and weak turbulence. In our derivation, a modified Rytov solution is employed to obtain the small-scale and large-scale scintillation indices of annular beams by utilizing the amplitude spatial filtering of the atmospheric spectrum. Our solution yields only the on-axis scintillation index for the annular beam and correctly reduces to the existing strong turbulence results for the Gaussian beam-thus plane and spherical wave scintillation indices-and also correctly yields the existing weak turbulence annular beam scintillations. Compared to collimated Gaussian beam, plane, and spherical wave scintillations, collimated annular beams seem to be advantageous in the weak regime but lose this advantage in strongly turbulent atmosphere. It is observed that the contribution of annular beam scintillations comes mainly from the small-scale effects. At a fixed primary beam size, the scintillations of thinner collimated annular beams compared to thicker collimated annular beams are smaller in moderate turbulence but larger in strong turbulence; however, thinner annular beams of finite focal length have a smaller scintillation index than the thicker annular beams in strong turbulence. Decrease in the focal length decreases the annular beam scintillations in strong turbulence. Examining constant area annular beams, smaller primary sized annular structures have larger scintillations in moderate but smaller scintillations in strong turbulence. (C) 2010 Optical Society of America
Citation - WoS: 16
Citation - Scopus: 16
Annular, Cosh and Cos Gaussian Beams in Strong Turbulence
(Springer Heidelberg, 2011) Eyyuboglu, Halil T.
For the strong atmospheric turbulence regime, the asymptotic on-axis scintillation behavior of annular, cosh and cos Gaussian beams is theoretically derived and illustrated with numerical examples. It is observed from the plots that annular Gaussian beams exhibit more scintillations than a Gaussian beam, regardless of the amplitude coefficient and source size settings. For small source sizes, cosh Gaussian beams seem to have an advantage over Gaussian beams in terms of reduced scintillation, but for large source sizes a switchover occurs where cos Gaussian beams assume the advantage. Analysis of the effect of inner scale value shows that scintillations increases for all beams as the inner scale increases.
Citation - WoS: 25
Citation - Scopus: 25
Aperture Averaging in Multiple-Input Single-Output Free-Space Optical Systems Using Partially Coherent Radial Array Beams
(Optical Soc Amer, 2016) Baykal, Yahya; Uysal, Murat; Gokce, Muhsin Caner
Multiple-input single-output (MISO) techniques are employed in free-space optical (FSO) links to mitigate the degrading effects of atmospheric turbulence. In this paper, for the MISO FSO system, a partially coherent radial array and a finite-sized receiver aperture are used at the transmitter and the receiver, respectively. Using the extended Huygens - Fresnel principle, we formulate the average power and the power correlation at the finite-sized slow detector in weak atmospheric turbulence. System performance indicators such as the power scintillation index and the aperture averaging factor are determined. Effects of the source size, ring radius, receiver aperture radius, link distance, and structure constant and the degree of source coherence are analyzed on the performance of the MISO FSO system. In the limiting cases, the numerical results are found to be the same when compared to the existing coherent and partially coherent Gaussian beam scintillation indices. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America
Citation - WoS: 7
Citation - Scopus: 8
Apertured Paraxial Bessel Beams
(Optical Soc Amer, 2010) Umul, Yusuf Z.
The paraxial Bessel beam is obtained by applying an approximation in the wavenumbers. The scattering of the beams by a circular aperture in an absorbing screen is investigated. The scattered fields are expressed in terms of the Fresnel integrals by evaluating the Kirchhoff diffraction integral in the paraxial approximation. The results are examined numerically. (C) 2010 Optical Society of America
Citation - WoS: 6
Citation - Scopus: 6
Applications of Cognitive Radio Networks: Recent Advances and Future Directions
(Sage Publications inc, 2016) Pan, Miao; Joshi, Gyanendra Prasad; Gazi, Orhan; He, Jianhua; Coupechoux, Marceau; Kim, Sung W.
Citation - WoS: 8
Citation - Scopus: 10
Area Scintillations of Bessel Gaussian and Modified Bessel Gaussian Beams of Zeroth Order
(Springer, 2010) Eyyuboglu, H. T.
As an extension of our previous study, the area scintillation aspects of Bessel Gaussian and modified Bessel Gaussian beams of zeroth order are investigated. The analysis is carried out on the basis of equal source sizes and equal source powers. It is found that, when compared on equal source size basis, modified Bessel Gaussian beams always have less area scintillations than a Gaussian beam, while Bessel Gaussian beams exhibit more area scintillations. Comparison on equal source power basis, however, removes the advantage of modified Bessel Gaussian beams, that is, their area scintillations become nearly the same as those of the Gaussian beam. On the other hand, for the case of equal source powers, Bessel Gaussian beams with larger width parameters continue to have higher area scintillations than the Gaussian beam. We provide graphical illustrations for profiles of equal source size beams, equal source power beams and the curves to aid the selection of equal source power beams.
Citation - WoS: 127
Citation - Scopus: 135
Average Intensity and Spreading of Cosh-Gaussian Laser Beams in the Turbulent Atmosphere
(Optical Soc Amer, 2005) Eyyuboglu, HT; Baykal, Y
The average intensity and spreading of cosh-Gaussian laser beams in the turbulent atmosphere are examined. Our research is based principally on formulating the average-intensity profile at the receiver plane for cosh-Gaussian excitation. The limiting cases of our formulation for the average intensity are found to reduce correctly to the existing Gaussian beam wave result in turbulence and the cosh-Gaussian beam result in free space (in the absence of turbulence). The average intensity and the broadening of the cosh-Gaussian beam wave after it propagates in the turbulent atmosphere are numerically evaluated versus source size, beam displacement, link length, structure constant, and two wavelengths of 0.85 and 1.55 mum, which are most widely used in currently employed free-space-optical links. Results indicate that in turbulence the beam is widened beyond its free-space diffraction values. At the receiver plane, analogous to the case of free space, this diffraction eventually leads to transformation of the cosh-Gaussian beam into an oscillatory average-intensity profile with a Gaussian envelope. (C) 2005 Optical Society of America.
Citation - WoS: 4
Citation - Scopus: 4
Beam Diffraction by a Resistive Half-Plane
(Optical Soc Amer, 2015) Umul, Yusuf Ziya
The scattering of a Gaussian beam by a resistive half-screen is investigated. Far-field approximation is used in evaluation of geometrical optics and diffracted waves. The uniform expression of the diffracted waves by the resistive half-plane, which was found with the Sommerfeld-Maliuzhinets method, is obtained. The scattered fields for the case of the beam incidence are evaluated with the technique of a complex point source. The resultant wave expressions are examined numerically. (C) 2015 Optical Society of America
Citation - WoS: 26
Citation - Scopus: 26
Beam Wander Characteristics of Cos and Cosh-Gaussian Beams
(Springer, 2009) Eyyuboglu, H. T.; Cai, Y.; Baykal, Y.; Cil, C. Z.
Within the context of a general beam formulation, beam wander characteristics of cos and cosh-Gaussian beams are derived and numerically evaluated. In our graphs, the fundamental Gaussian beam is used as a benchmark for comparisons. The associated plots reveal that at small source sizes, a cos-Gaussian beam has the lowest beam wander, while this property is enhanced with increasing values of the displacement parameter. At large source sizes however, this advantage is taken over by cosh-Gaussian beam. Joint examination against the changing source sizes and propagation lengths shows that the range of source sizes, where the beam wander of cos-Gaussian beam remains lower, is enlarged as we go toward higher propagation lengths. Asymmetric beams tend to exhibit higher beam wanders both at small and large source sizes, but for the intermediate source size ranges, the beam wanders of asymmetric beams will fall below those of the symmetric beams. Explanations concerning these behaviors are offered. A historical account of beam wander formulation is also included.
Citation - WoS: 30
Citation - Scopus: 36
Beam Wander of Dark Hollow, Flat-Topped and Annular Beams
(Springer Heidelberg, 2008) Cil, C. Z.; Eyyuboglu, H. T.
Benefiting from the earlier derivations for the Gaussian beam, we formulate beam wander for dark hollow (DH) and flat-topped (FT) beams, also covering the annular Gaussian (AG) beam as a special case. Via graphical illustrations, beam wander variations of these beams are analyzed and compared among themselves and to the fundamental Gaussian beam against changes in propagation length, amplitude factor, source size, wavelength of operation, inner and outer scales of turbulence. These comparisons show that in relation to the fundamental Gaussian beam, DH and FT beams will exhibit less beam wander, particularly at small primary beam source sizes, lower amplitude factors of the secondary beam and higher beam orders. Furthermore, DH and FT beams will continue to preserve this advantageous position all throughout the considered range of wavelengths, inner and outer scales of turbulence. FT beams, in particular, are observed to have the smallest beam wander values among all, up to certain source sizes.
Beam wander of J (0)- and I (0)-Bessel Gaussian beams propagating in turbulent atmosphere
(Springer, 2010) Çil, Celal Zaim; Eyyuboğlu, Halil T.; Baykal, Yahya; Korotkova, Olga; Cai, Yangjian
Root mean square (rms) beam wander of J (0)-Bessel Gaussian and I (0)-Bessel Gaussian beams, normalized by the rms beam wander of the fundamental Gaussian beam, is evaluated in atmospheric turbulence. Our formulation is based on the first and the second statistical moments obtained from the Rytov series. It is found that after propagating in atmospheric turbulence, the collimated J (0)-Bessel Gaussian and the I (0)-Bessel Gaussian beams have smaller rms beam wander than that of the Gaussian beam, regardless of the choice of Bessel width parameter. However, the extent of such an advantage depends on the chosen width parameter, Gaussian source size, propagation distance and the wavelength. Focusing at finite distances of the considered beams causes the rms beam wander to decrease sharply at the propagation distances equal to the focusing parameter
Citation - WoS: 26
Citation - Scopus: 28
Beam Wander of J 0- and I 0-Bessel Gaussian Beams Propagating in Turbulent Atmosphere
(Springer, 2010) Eyyuboglu, H. T.; Baykal, Y.; Korotkova, O.; Cai, Y.; Cil, C. Z.
Root mean square (rms) beam wander of J (0)-Bessel Gaussian and I (0)-Bessel Gaussian beams, normalized by the rms beam wander of the fundamental Gaussian beam, is evaluated in atmospheric turbulence. Our formulation is based on the first and the second statistical moments obtained from the Rytov series. It is found that after propagating in atmospheric turbulence, the collimated J (0)-Bessel Gaussian and the I (0)-Bessel Gaussian beams have smaller rms beam wander than that of the Gaussian beam, regardless of the choice of Bessel width parameter. However, the extent of such an advantage depends on the chosen width parameter, Gaussian source size, propagation distance and the wavelength. Focusing at finite distances of the considered beams causes the rms beam wander to decrease sharply at the propagation distances equal to the focusing parameter.
Citation - WoS: 2
Citation - Scopus: 2
Ber Anaylsis for Super Lorentz-Gaussian Laser Beams Propagating in Turbulent Media
(Gazi Univ, Fac Engineering Architecture, 2013) Gokce, Muhsin C.; Gökçe, Muhsin Caner; Sari, Filiz; Ozek, Faruk; Elektronik ve Haberleşme Mühendisliği
In this work, BER-SNR variation of super Lorentz-Gaussian laser beam that propagating horizontally path in turbulent media is analyzed. Using scintillation index which is obtained by extented Huygens-Fresnel principle, BER - SNR value is calculated. Matlab program is used to show BER - SNR variation depending on link distance and beamwidth. To conclude, in short link range, super Lorentz-Gaussian beam is proven to be better link performance superior to commercially available Gaussian beam.
Citation - WoS: 5
Citation - Scopus: 5
Bessel Beam Diffraction by an Aperture in an Opaque Screen
(Hindawi Ltd, 2015) Basdemir, Husnu Deniz
The scattering of the Bessel beam by a circular aperture in an opaque screen is investigated by the geometrical theory of diffraction approach. The geometrical optics and diffracted and scattered fields are obtained. The effect of the aperture to the scattering process is analyzed. The uniform versions of field expressions are derived. The geometrical optics and diffracted and scattered fields are examined numerically.
Citation - WoS: 15
Citation - Scopus: 16
Binary Phase Shift Keying-Subcarrier Intensity Modulation Performance in Weak Oceanic Turbulence
(Elsevier, 2019) Baykal, Yahya; Ata, Yalcin; Gokce, Muhsin Caner
The performance analysis of underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) system that employs binary phase shift keying-subcarrier intensity modulation (BPSK-SIM) is investigated in weak oceanic turbulence. BPSK-SIM Gaussian beam and finite sized positive-intrinsic-negative (PIN) photodetector are employed at the transmitter and at the receiver, respectively. Bit error rate (BER) is taken as the performance indicator and in the evaluation of the BER, the required signal power and the aperture averaged scintillation index are obtained respectively by the use of the extended Huygens-Fresnel principle and the Rytov theory. Considering various noise types in underwater turbulence, BER variations are examined versus the oceanic turbulence parameters and the photodetector parameters, namely receiver aperture diameter, PIN-responsivity, noise factor, load resistor, and the electronic bandwidth. (c) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Citation - WoS: 11
Citation - Scopus: 12
Bit Error Rate Analysis of Gaussian, Annular Gaussian, Cos Gaussian, and Cosh Gaussian Beams With the Help of Random Phase Screens
(Optical Soc Amer, 2014) Eyyuboglu, Halil T.
Using the random phase screen approach, we carry out a simulation analysis of the probability of error performance of Gaussian, annular Gaussian, cos Gaussian, and cosh Gaussian beams. In our scenario, these beams are intensity-modulated by the randomly generated binary symbols of an electrical message signal and then launched from the transmitter plane in equal powers. They propagate through a turbulent atmosphere modeled by a series of random phase screens. Upon arriving at the receiver plane, detection is performed in a circuitry consisting of a pin photodiode and a matched filter. The symbols detected are compared with the transmitted ones, errors are counted, and from there the probability of error is evaluated numerically. Within the range of source and propagation parameters tested, the lowest probability of error is obtained for the annular Gaussian beam. Our investigation reveals that there is hardly any difference between the aperture-averaged scintillations of the beams used, and the distinctive advantage of the annular Gaussian beam lies in the fact that the receiver aperture captures the maximum amount of power when this particular beam is launched from the transmitter plane. (C) 2014 Optical Society of America
Citation - WoS: 28
Citation - Scopus: 28
Bit Error Rates for General Beams
(Optical Soc Amer, 2008) Arpali, Serap Altay; Eyyuboglu, Halil T.; Baykal, Yahya
In order to analyze the effect of beam type on free space optical communication systems, bit error rate (BER) values versus signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) are calculated for zero order and higher order general beam types, namely for Gaussian, cos-Gaussian, cosh-Gaussian, and annular beams. BER analysis is based on optical scintillation using log-normal distribution for the intensity, which is valid in weak atmospheric turbulence. BERs for these beams are plotted under variations of propagation length, source size, wavelength of operation, and order of the beam. According to our graphical outputs, at small source sizes and long propagation distances, the smallest BER value is obtained for the annular beam. On the other hand, at large source size and small propagation distance, the smallest BER value is obtained for the cos-Gaussian beam, Moreover, our study of the order of the beam shows that higher order beams have lower BER values than the zero order beams at longer propagation distances. But this drop compared with the order seems to be incremental. (c) 2008 Optical Society of America

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