The Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Tourism Sector: In the Context of Turkey
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2025
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Abstract
Covid-19 pandemisi, Çin'de yayılmaya başlayıp çok kısa sürede bütün dünyayı etkisine almıştır. Türkiye'de bu etki altına alınmış ülkelerden birisidir. Türkiye'nin özellikle güçlü sektörlerinden biri olan turizm sektörü, farklı şekillerde bu küresel pandemiden etkilenmiştir. Bu çalışmada, Covid-19 pandemisinin Türkiye'deki turizm sektörüne etkileri incelenmektedir. Çalışmada ilk olarak seyahat platformları ve turizm gelirleri hakkında genel bir bilgi verilmektedir. Ardından, Covid-19 pandemisinin turizm üzerine etkileri, 2012-2024 dönemi Türkiye'si için iki ayrı ekonometrik analiz ile incelenmektedir. İlk analizde, 2012Q1-2024Q3 dönemi Türkiye'sinde, turizm gelirleri ile ekonomik büyüme arasındaki ilişki ARDL (Autoregressive Distributed Lag) yaklaşımı ile incelenmektedir. Bu analiz sonucunda, değişkenler arasında bir eşbütünleşme ilişkisinin var olduğu hem uzun hem kısa dönemde turizm gelirlerinin ekonomik büyüme üzerinde pozitif etkisinin olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. İkinci analizde, 'Covid-19 pandemisi, Türkiye'nin turizm gelirlerini etkilemiştir' öngörüsünü test etmek için EKK tahmin yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Tahmin sonucunda, 'Covid-19 pandemisi Türkiye'nin turizm gelirlerini etkilemiştir' sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
The Covid-19 pandemic first started its spread in the country of China and very quickly affected the whole world. Turkey is one of the affected countries. The tourism sector, which is one of Turkey's strongest sectors, has been affected by this global pandemic in different ways. Firstly, the study provides general information regarding travel platforms and tourism sector revenues. After that, in the context of the years 2012-2024 in Turkey, the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic are examined with two separate econometric analyses. In the first analysis, the relationship between tourism sector revenues and economic growth in Turkey regarding the period 2012Q1-2024Q3 is examined with the ARDL (Autoregressive Distributed Lag) Model. As a result of this analysis, it was concluded that there was a cointegration relationship between the variables and that tourism sector revenues had a positive effect on economic growth, in both long and short term. In the second analysis, the EKK Estimation Method was used to test the prediction of 'The Covid-19 Pandemic has affected Turkey's tourism sector revenues'. As a result of the prediction, it was concluded that 'The Covid-19 pandemic has indeed affected Turkey's tourism sector revenues'.
The Covid-19 pandemic first started its spread in the country of China and very quickly affected the whole world. Turkey is one of the affected countries. The tourism sector, which is one of Turkey's strongest sectors, has been affected by this global pandemic in different ways. Firstly, the study provides general information regarding travel platforms and tourism sector revenues. After that, in the context of the years 2012-2024 in Turkey, the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic are examined with two separate econometric analyses. In the first analysis, the relationship between tourism sector revenues and economic growth in Turkey regarding the period 2012Q1-2024Q3 is examined with the ARDL (Autoregressive Distributed Lag) Model. As a result of this analysis, it was concluded that there was a cointegration relationship between the variables and that tourism sector revenues had a positive effect on economic growth, in both long and short term. In the second analysis, the EKK Estimation Method was used to test the prediction of 'The Covid-19 Pandemic has affected Turkey's tourism sector revenues'. As a result of the prediction, it was concluded that 'The Covid-19 pandemic has indeed affected Turkey's tourism sector revenues'.
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Ekonometri, Turizm, Uluslararası Ticaret, Econometrics, Tourism, International Trade
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